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It has been suggested that Ahmad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) |
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It has been suggested that Ja\'far Muhammad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) |
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It has been suggested that Al-Hasan ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) |
The Banū Mūsā brothers (Arabic: بنو موسى, "Sons of Mūsā") were three PersianWhen Baghdad Ruled the Muslim World: The Rise and Fall of Islam\'s Greatest Dynasty, Hugh Kennedy, p. 254Professor Jeff Oaks, The University of Indianapolis [1] scholars, of Baghdad, active in the House of Wisdom:
The Banu Musa were the sons of Mūsā ibn Shākir, who had been a highwayman and later an astrologer to the Caliph al-Ma\'mūn. At his death, he had fun with his young sons, in the custody of the Caliph, who entrusted them to Ishaq bin Ibrahim al-Mus\'abi, a former governor of Baghdad. The education of the three brothers was carried out by Yahya bin Abu Mansur who worked at the famous House of Wisdom library and translation centre in Baghdad.
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The Banu Musa brothers invented a number of automata (automatic machines) and mechanical devices, and they described a hundred such devices in their Book of Ingenious Devices. Some of these inventions include:
In physics and astronomy, Muhammad ibn Musa was a pioneer of astrophysics and celestial mechanics. In the Book on the motion of the orbs, he was the first to discover that the heavenly bodies and celestial spheres were subject to the same laws of physics as Earth, unlike the ancients who believed that the celestial spheres followed their own set of physical laws different from that of Earth.George Saliba (1994). "Early Arabic Critique of Ptolemaic Cosmology: A Ninth-Century Text on the Motion of the Celestial Spheres", Journal for the History of Astronomy 25, p. 115-141 [116].
In mechanics and astronomy, Muhammad ibn Musa, in his Astral Motion and The Force of Attraction, discovered that there was a force of attraction between heavenly bodies,K. A. Waheed (1978). Islam and The Origins of Modern Science, p. 27. Islamic Publication Ltd., Lahore. foreshadowing Newton\'s law of universal gravitation.Robert Briffault (1938). The Making of Humanity, p. 191.
Ahmad (c. 805) specialised in mechanics and wrote a work on pneumatic devices called On mechanics.
The eldest brother, Ja\'far Muḥammad (c. 800), wrote a critical revision on Apollonius\' Conics, called the Premises of the book of conics.
The Banu Musa\'s most famous mathematical treatise is The Book of the Measurement of Plane and Spherical Figures, which considered similar problems as Archimedes did in his On the measurement of the circle and On the sphere and the cylinder.
The youngest brother, al-Hasan (c. 810), specialised in geometry and wrote a work on the ellipse called The elongated circular figure.
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